Are pedestrian walkways purely cosmetic, or do they help encourage walking instead of driving?

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Does creating a network of pedestrian walkways increase the number of citizens who choose to walk or take public transportation instead of drive?
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Sources: Stack Exchange - This article follows the attribution requirements of Stack Exchange and is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.
Images: Keira Burton, Vlad Fonsark, Zeeshaan Shabbir, Vincent Tan