How to protect against lava?

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In Terraria, one difficult aspect of acquiring the molten armor is the fact that mining hellstone produces lava, which can quickly kill a high hp player even equipped in full shadow armor.
What are the different ways of protecting ones' self against lava pre and post hardmode?
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Quick Answer about "How to protect against lava?"
What material can resist lava?
Researchers have discovered that tantalum carbide and hafnium carbide materials can withstand scorching temperatures of nearly 4000 degrees Celsius.Can water protect you from lava?
In 1973, authorities tried to stop the flow of lava from Iceland's Eldfell Volcano on the island of Heimaey by spraying it with 1.5 billion gallons of ice-cold seawater, hoping the cooling effects of the water would halt the lava. The heat proved too much, and they were unable to prevent the advancement of the lava.What neutralizes lava?
Cool it with water As the water hit the superheated rock, it turned into steam, allowing the lava's heat to dissipate.Can you stop a lava flow? How people have tried in the past
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Images: Anete Lusina, Anna Shvets, Klaus Nielsen, Centre for Ageing Better