Triggering Visceral Attack

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After finally getting a decent understanding of Bloodborne's mechanics, I found out how to pull off visceral attacks (similar to Dark Souls' riposte/parry mechanic). However, I only seem to trigger these when I interrupt an enemy's attack with a well-timed shot from my Hunter Pistol. Is it possible to trigger a visceral attack using only your primary weapon? Are there any other ways to trigger these attacks?
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What increases visceral damage?
What does increase the damage output of visceral attacks are certain blood gems and temporary buffs (fire paper, bolt paper). Aegis Azkaellon breaks it down with a bunch of examples, showing that the best way to increase visceral attack damage is through blood gems that buff your Hunter's physical attack.How do you perform a visceral attack?
Ventricular fibrillation In V-fib , the lower heart chambers contract in a very rapid and uncoordinated manner. This irregular rhythm happens most often in people with heart disease or a prior heart attack. It may also occur in those with electrolyte imbalances (such as high or low potassium levels).What is AV attack?
Run towards the glowing part of them and use a light attack to activate a visceral attack animation, which will look kind of like a backstab.ok that's not a good spot to trigger a visceral attack
Sources: Stack Exchange - This article follows the attribution requirements of Stack Exchange and is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.
Images: Harrison Haines, Somchai Kongkamsri, Pixabay, Anete Lusina