What are the rules for "Extra Time"?

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In my previous ranked battle of Splatoon the scores were quite close to each other. We were ahead and the time ran out, so we should have won. However, there was something about "Extra Time" on my screen, and we kept on playing. Was this because the scores were too close to each other? What are the rules for this, and when is the winner decided?
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How does 30 mins extra time work?
If it's still a draw after the 30 minutes of extra time, both teams will take penalty kicks. The penalty kicks are a best of five shootout, alternating between the team two teams. The shootout ends when one team is no longer mathematically able to match the other's team results.What are the rules of extra time?
In association football knockout competitions or competition stages, teams play an extra 30 minutes, called extra time, when the deciding leg (or replay of a tie) has not produced a winner by the end of normal or full-time.How Long Can extra time be?
Extra Time Typically, this consists of two further 15-minute halves. Goals scored during the added time are considered part of the final score. If the score is still equal after added time, the game moves onto a penalty shoot out.What are the rules of extra time in football?
Some football matches need to crown a winner on the day. If necessary, a game can continue in extra time (2x 15 minutes) if the initial 90-minutes ended in a draw. If the score is still tied after extra time, the match will commonly be decided in a penalty shootout.Here's how stoppage time works at the end of soccer games
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Images: Magda Ehlers, Magda Ehlers, Brett Jordan, Madison Inouye